要点
Production-ready GDScript patterns for Godot 4 game architecture, state management, and performance optimization.
- Covers seven core patterns: state machines, autoload singletons, resource-based data, object pooling, component systems, scene management, and save systems with complete working examples
- Includes best practices for signal-based decoupling, static typing, caching node references, and avoiding allocations in hot paths
- Demonstrates performance optimization techniques like object pooling for frequent spawning, disabling processing off-screen, and reusing arrays to minimize garbage collection
- Provides practical implementations for common game systems: health/damage components, hitbox/hurtbox detection, async scene loading with transitions, and encrypted save file handling
SKILL.md
Godot GDScript Patterns
Production patterns for Godot 4.x game development with GDScript, covering architecture, signals, scenes, and optimization.
When to Use This Skill
- Building games with Godot 4
- Implementing game systems in GDScript
- Designing scene architecture
- Managing game state
- Optimizing GDScript performance
- Learning Godot best practices
Core Concepts
1. Godot Architecture
Node: Base building block
├── Scene: Reusable node tree (saved as .tscn)
├── Resource: Data container (saved as .tres)
├── Signal: Event communication
└── Group: Node categorization
2. GDScript Basics
class_name Player
extends CharacterBody2D
# Signals
signal health_changed(new_health: int)
signal died
# Exports (Inspector-editable)
@export var speed: float = 200.0
@export var max_health: int = 100
@export_range(0, 1) var damage_reduction: float = 0.0
@export_group("Combat")
@export var attack_damage: int = 10
@export var attack_cooldown: float = 0.5
# Onready (initialized when ready)
@onready var sprite: Sprite2D = $Sprite2D
@onready var animation: AnimationPlayer = $AnimationPlayer
@onready var hitbox: Area2D = $Hitbox
# Private variables (convention: underscore prefix)
var _health: int
var _can_attack: bool = true
func _ready() -> void:
_health = max_health
func _physics_process(delta: float) -> void:
var direction := Input.get_vector("left", "right", "up", "down")
velocity = direction * speed
move_and_slide()
func take_damage(amount: int) -> void:
var actual_damage := int(amount * (1.0 - damage_reduction))
_health = max(_health - actual_damage, 0)
health_changed.emit(_health)
if _health <= 0:
died.emit()
Detailed patterns and worked examples
Detailed pattern documentation lives in references/details.md. Read that file when the navigation tier above is insufficient.